The Tao te Ching Chapter 40: Being at Rest

Text:

Retirement is characteristic of Dao just as weakness appears to be a characteristic of its activity.

Heaven and earth and everything are produced from existence, but existence comes from nonexistence.

Interpretation:

It is often difficult for people to understand that the Tao te Ching clearly recommends doing nothing as a useful activity.  We do hold the clue to this in our society however.  Many of us wait anxiously for the weekend or lunch break or any time that we can "zone out" for a while.  These moments of peaceful inactivity are as essential to our ability to live effectively as our moments of activity.  The Tao te Ching may be said to embrace this notion.  This chapter may be interpreted to say, Relaxing is very healthy.

The first stanza observes that the Tao lies at rest and reiterates the earlier theme that the Tao appears weak.

The second stanza observes that everything thing that is (and is active) came from the formlessness of the Dao (and was inactive.)  Perhaps this can be interpreted to mean that the state of rest is the true form of the universe at its core.

Understanding the Tao te Ching Chapter 9 : 運夷

9.

Continuing to fill a pail after it is full the water will be wasted. Continuing to grind an axe after it is sharp will soon wear it away.


Who can protect a public hall crowded with gold and jewels? The pride of wealth and position brings about their own misfortune. To win true merit, to preserve just fame, the personality must be retiring. This is the heavenly Dao.

Interpretation:


On the surface this appears to be a message that is heard often.  Wealth brings trouble.  Indeed who can "protect a public hall" that is full of gold and jewels?  In the Bible 1st Timothy 6:9 it says; "People who want to get rich fall into temptation and a trap and into many foolish and harmful desires that plunge men into ruin and destruction."

This message of the dangers of wealth is actually a single stanza in the larger message of this chapter.  If we look at this sentence in the second stanza:  " To win true merit, to preserve just fame, the personality must be retiring." and compare it to the first stanza which says not to overfill or over-sharpen," a second message becomes clear.

It is often difficult for the goal oriented western mindset to realize that the Tao te Ching does not recommend accomplishing as much, or gathering as much wealth or fame as possible.  The Taoist often views himself as the container in the pail in the first stanza.  They have a natural capacity for work, for learning, for understanding.  To not do what is your nature to do is to miss the Tao within yourself, but, if your needs are fullfilled, are you better off working the extra ten hours a week for the fancy car, or by relaxing, spending time with the children perhaps.    The daoist does not see the need to set the mark too high.  Then he can meet his needs and still live in peace.